Introduction of irrigated rice in the semi-arid northwest Indian region is one the major changes in Indian agriculture.  Punjab and Haryana has witnessed significant change in cropping pattern during the last few decades.  Increase in rice area is of particular significance. The State of Punjab occupies a special place in Indian agriculture. Rice- wheat rotation followed in Punjab leaves little Continue Reading »

The power of earth observation, proximal sensing, in-situ observations and their interpretation has tremendously increased, enabling us to perceive the invisible and gain fresh insights into the past and our own identity. Various studies have demonstrated that RS has played a significant role towards archaeological research and in developing a broad understanding of the past. This is because of their Continue Reading »

Submarine ground water discharge (SGD) is a hydrological process of coastal areas in which submarine inflow of fresh and brackish groundwater takes place from land to sea. SGD mainly occurs due to freshwater release from land to sea as base flow as well as overflow through the unconfined aquifer medium. Ground water seeping can occur in the form of submarine Continue Reading »

“Heat-wave or extremely hotter temperature these days resulting from on-going El Nino, temporary global warming and seasonality are becoming “steroid” to carbon release and vegetation systems” N.R. Patel and Shweta Pokhariyal Heatwaves are not merely temperature spikes; they pose significant health risks and environmental consequences. Quantitatively, it is extreme weather event defined by rise in temperature with certain thresholds over Continue Reading »

Kshama Gupta and Kakali Deka An international study highlights the significant role of climate change in the record-breaking heatwave affecting Asia, including India. India is facing early and severe heatwaves for the third consecutive summer, with temperatures already reaching 48°C in many Indian States and expected to hit 50°C. The India Meteorological Department (IMD) reports that 2022 was the fifth Continue Reading »