Monitoring inland water is crucial for assessing different aspects of the hydrological cycle, as well as environmental and atmospheric processes within the Earth system. Understanding hydrological processes and managing water resources and ecosystem balance depend greatly on tracking changes in water levels. Traditionally, water levels have been observed using in-situ gauging stations; however, the global network of these stations is Continue Reading »

Ashish Joshi, Suresh Kannaujiya, Shefali Agarwal, R. S. Chatterjee and R. P. Singh Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) is the flow of groundwater from land to sea that occurs in the sub-surface. Groundwater seeps from the surface through aquifers and when the water level in the aquifer is higher than sea level, the water flows into the ocean. SGD can occur Continue Reading »

Authors: Sreyasi Biswas and Charu Singh An Atmospheric River (AR) is a long, narrow, and transient filament of enhanced water vapour that transports fresh water from the tropics into the mid-latitudes (Figure 1). These are popularly called ‘Rivers in the Sky’ because like a river, it carries a huge volume of water. In fact, if all its water vapour were Continue Reading »

In February 2024, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) launched the most advanced Earth-observation satellite namely PACE (Plankton, Aerosol, Cloud, ocean Ecosystem), for the better understanding of ocean productivity and the impact of global warming induced climate change. The mission carries a hyperspectral radiometer along with multi-angle polarimeters. The Ocean Color Instrument (OCI) is a hyperspectral imaging radiometer gives the Continue Reading »

The Forestry and Ecology Department of IIRS established 15 Open Top Chambers (OTC) in September 2022 at Gangotri, Uttarakhand, to delve into the intricate dynamics of Himalayan Alpine Biological Communities under the influence of Experimental Warming. The idea is to test the impact of warming on plant phenology, plant height, biomass and nutrient concentration between OTCs and control plots. Preliminary Continue Reading »