Fog is a visible aggregate of water droplets suspended in the air which reduces the visibility at ground level. Depending on the concentration of water droplets in the air, the visibility may range from the appearance of haze to almost zero visibility.  As per the International meteorological vocabulary, the low visibility conditions shall come under foggy conditions when the visibility Continue Reading »

In Asia, around 45% of biomass burning comes from forest fires, 34% from crop residue/agriculture residue fires (stubble fires), and 20% from grassland & savanna fires. The proportion of biomass burning is highest in China (25%) followed by India (18%). In India, the rice wheat cropping system is the most widely practiced cropping system in Northwest India particularly in Punjab, Continue Reading »

Monitoring snow cover variability is crucial for understanding water resources and climate impacts, as excessive snowfall, increases risks, while early melting disrupts river flows, necessitating continuous satellite observations for effective water management. Praveen Thakur and Sakshi Tripathi Snow cover in the Northwest Himalaya undergoes significant seasonal changes, impacting water availability, climate, and ecological balance. IIRS has generated a daily SCA Continue Reading »

Himalaya is experiencing unprecedented warming since recent past which is more than the global average and also more than the Indian sub continental landmass. The warming is even more pronounced at higher altitudes in Himalaya. This rising rate of warming at higher altitudes has been termed as Elevation Dependent Warming or EDW by the scientists working in the domain. The Continue Reading »

Ashish Joshi, Suresh Kannaujiya, Shefali Agarwal, R. S. Chatterjee and R. P. Singh Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) is the flow of groundwater from land to sea that occurs in the sub-surface. Groundwater seeps from the surface through aquifers and when the water level in the aquifer is higher than sea level, the water flows into the ocean. SGD can occur Continue Reading »