Authors: Bhoomika Ghale, Kshama Gupta and Arijit Roy Have you ever walked through a park on a hot day and felt the air suddenly cool? Or found peace under a tree while the rest of the city buzzed with traffic? That small moment of calm is more than a luxury - it's the result of planning, policy, and science working Continue Reading »

*Synthesized image for representation purpose only. Vegetation photosynthetic activity, the fundamental process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy by fixing atmospheric carbon dioxide, is critical for the global carbon cycle, ecosystem productivity, and climate regulation. It varies greatly depending on the type of ecosystem (e.g., forest, grassland, cropland), plant species, and environmental conditions. Traditional vegetation indices (like Continue Reading »

The use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in education and training is expanding rapidly due to advancements in high-speed internet and the widespread use of smart devices. E-learning, which integrates electronic media with ICT, has revolutionized how students and educators engage with content. It can take place in two primary modes: synchronous, where real-time interaction occurs through live lectures, Continue Reading »

Authors: Hina Pande, Poonam Seth Tiwari, Shefali Agrawal India’s cultural heritage is among the oldest and most diverse in the world. It includes both tangible and intangible assets passed down through generations. Built heritage forms a vital part of this legacy. Unfortunately, many monuments in India and across the globe have suffered significant damage from natural and human-induced factors. Conventional Continue Reading »

Authors: Dr.  Suresh Kumar and Dr. R. P Singh, IIRS Urbanization is reshaping the earth planet, with nearly 70 percent of the global population expected to live in cities by 2050. India’s urban population was 36.36% in 2023 and expected to reach 50% by 2050. As cities continue to grow, they face increasing environmental challenges such as solid waste, industrial Continue Reading »