Submarine ground water discharge (SGD) is a hydrological process of coastal areas in which submarine inflow of fresh and brackish groundwater takes place from land to sea. SGD mainly occurs due to freshwater release from land to sea as base flow as well as overflow through the unconfined aquifer medium. Ground water seeping can occur in the form of submarine Continue Reading »

In Asia, around 45% of biomass burning comes from forest fires, 34% from crop residue/agriculture residue fires (stubble fires), and 20% from grassland & savanna fires. The proportion of biomass burning is highest in China (25%) followed by India (18%). In India, the rice wheat cropping system is the most widely practiced cropping system in Northwest India particularly in Punjab, Continue Reading »

Algae are photosynthetic, tiny marine organisms whose cells are eukaryotic. Algae can inhabit the freshwater as well as the marine ecosystem. The different categories of phytoplankton for example, diatoms and dinoflagellates are examples of unicellular, floating algae. Although most types of phytoplankton do not possess any toxicity, a few species of dinoflagellates are able to produce toxins that could be Continue Reading »

Soil erosion is a major land degradation problem and poses serious environmental and socio-economic crisis worldwide. The Himalayan hills and mountains are very fragile and being threatened by land degradation caused by soil erosion by water that poses serious challenges to the soil ecosystem services and sustainability of natural resources. Reliable estimate of long-term soil erosion rate of various land Continue Reading »

In our rapidly evolving world, data is the new power of growth and development. It holds the power to reveal insights and transform the industries, scientific studies, education sectors and so on. Data Science is a multidisciplinary approach which is an intersection of three disciplines i.e. computer science, mathematics, and thematic domains such as agriculture, urban planning, insurance sector, healthcare Continue Reading »