Authors- Ashok Ghildiyal and Ashish Joshi, Indian Institute of Remote Sensing, ISRO Dehradun NOAA weather satellites continuously transmit Automatic Picture Transmission (APT) signals that carry live images of the Earth’s surface. These signals can be received using a software-defined radio (SDR) such as an RTL-SDR dongle, paired with a suitable antenna and decoding software. The NOAA satellites, particularly NOAA-18 and Continue Reading »

Author: Ashish Joshi, IIRS An oil spill is one of the worst environmental disasters which affect marine ecosystems due to anthropogenic activities. Oil spills can be detected, monitored, and studied using various types of remote sensing techniques. Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) is widely used in oil spill detection due to its all-weather and all-time capabilities. Oil Spills have a smooth Continue Reading »

Authors: R.P. Singh, Abhishek Danodia and Kamal Pandey The Narmada Valley, extending across the states of Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat, is one of India’s key agricultural zones, distinguished by its fertile soils and well-developed irrigation infrastructure. Agriculture is the predominant land use in the region, occupying approximately 56.9% of the total area, while forests account for about 32.88%. Geographically, the Continue Reading »

Evolution of Artificial Intelligence was driven by the need of automating difficult and tiring tasks. The initial developments in the AI domain were around building rule based systems, which later turned into the urge for developing machines that could think. Figure 1 summarizes the evolution of AI over time: starting from mathematical models (top left), and moving clockwise through perceptrons, Continue Reading »

Authors: Sachiko Mohanty, D. Mitra, and R. P. Singh Satellite altimetry sea surface height (SSH) data has been used to study the ocean circulation, mesoscale eddies, and internal tidal waves with a scale more than 100 km. However, sub-mesoscale ocean dynamics (~spatial scale less than 100 km) was unable to resolve using the conventional satellite data.  Surface Water and Ocean Continue Reading »