Evolution of Artificial Intelligence was driven by the need of automating difficult and tiring tasks. The initial developments in the AI domain were around building rule based systems, which later turned into the urge for developing machines that could think. Figure 1 summarizes the evolution of AI over time: starting from mathematical models (top left), and moving clockwise through perceptrons, Continue Reading »

Authors: Sachiko Mohanty, D. Mitra, and R. P. Singh Satellite altimetry sea surface height (SSH) data has been used to study the ocean circulation, mesoscale eddies, and internal tidal waves with a scale more than 100 km. However, sub-mesoscale ocean dynamics (~spatial scale less than 100 km) was unable to resolve using the conventional satellite data.  Surface Water and Ocean Continue Reading »

Authors- Suresh Kumar and Justin George K In recent times machine learning (ML) models have emerged as potential tool in Digital Soil Mapping (DSM). It is an innovative method that generates precise soil information employing geospatial technology, including remote sensing, geographic information systems (GIS), geographic position system (GPS) and statistical modelling. Environmental covariates derived using RS and GIS are integrated Continue Reading »

Authors- Deepak Putrevu, Tathagata Chakraborty and DFSAR team, Space Application Center, ISRO Ahmedabad. Radar studies of the lunar surface have so far been restricted to Earth-based radio telescopes and Moon-orbiting sensors operating with limited polarimetry configuration. The Dual-frequency Synthetic Aperture Radar (DFSAR) onboard Chandrayaan-2 (Ch-2) orbiter is the first ever state-of-the-art high-resolution radar system in the lunar orbit. To this Continue Reading »

On 28th March 2025, a major earthquake of magnitude 7.7 Mw hit Central Myanmar near Mandalay city at 12:50 Hrs local time (GMT + 6:30 hrs). The epicentre of the earthquake (21°59'46.68"N/95°55'32.88"◦E) is located 14.2 km NNW of Sagaing town in the Sagaing region and approximately 16 km west of Mandalay city, the second-largest city in Myanmar. The earthquake occurred Continue Reading »