The NISAR (NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar) mission is a pioneering path breaking satellite mission developed as a collaboration between ISRO and NASA for developing crucial understanding of the earth and its dynamism. A collaborative scientific mission of ISRO and NASA, NISAR has two active microwave sensors in two bands viz. L-band and S-band, also known as Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR). Continue Reading »

The North Indian Ocean (NIO) is one of the most significant cyclone-producing basins in the world, playing a crucial role in regional climate and weather extremes. It consists of two major cyclone basins: the Bay of Bengal (BoB) located on the eastern side of India and the Arabian Sea located on the western side. Although it contributes only about 6% Continue Reading »

Shifting cultivation, a traditional agricultural practice, has long influenced forest cover dynamics across Southeast Asia. This cyclical process of vegetation clearance, burning, and regrowth carries substantial environmental and socio-economic consequences. In India, shifting cultivation—locally known as jhum—is prevalent in the northeastern states, including Tripura. Over time, socio-economic changes and policy interventions have altered traditional jhum cycles, influencing land use patterns. Continue Reading »

Gravitational waves are tiny ripples in spacetime produced when massive objects accelerate, especially during some of the most energetic events in the universe. But what does it truly mean for spacetime itself to “ripple”? How can something so abstract produce measurable physical effects? The concept originates from Albert Einstein’s general theory of relativity (1916), which describes gravity not as a Continue Reading »

Authors- Shuchita Srivastava, Yogesh Kant and D. Mitra The Hayli Gubbi volcano in Ethiopia experienced its first confirmed eruption in approximately 12,000 years on 23 November 2025 at 14:00 IST, producing an ash column that reached an estimated altitude of 10–15 kilometers. The resulting plume was transported by upper-tropospheric winds toward India and China. Traveling at speeds of 100–120 km/h Continue Reading »